I’ve been working a lot with cloud networking lately. I will share some of my findings as this is still quite new and documentation around some topics is poor. Especially on the Azure side. Let me just first start with
CCDE – Inter AS L3 VPNs
Introduction Sometimes a customer needs a L3 VPN between two locations where the same SP is not present. This can be on a national or international basis. It would be possible to buy an Internet circuit and run an overlay
CCDE – BGP Confederations
Introduction BGP Confederations are one of two tools a network designer has to work around the full mesh requirement of iBGP. BGP confederations are defined in RFC 5065 which obsoletes RFC 3065. This is how the RFC defines BGP confederations:
CCDE – BGP Convergence
Introduction This post will look at the steps involved in BGP convergence and how it interacts with IGP to converge. Any network of scale will use route reflectors (RRs) so this post will focus on deployments with RRs. Networks running
Busting Myths – IPv6 Link Local Next Hop into BGP
In some publications it is mentioned that a link local next-hop can’t be used when redistributing routes into BGP because routers receiving the route will not know what to do with the next-hop. That is one of the reason why
CCDE – Next Generation Multicast – NG-MVPN
MVPNs have been lacking support for MPLS encapsulation. NG-MVPN supports the use of MPLS encapsulation and provides a lot of different profiles. When is a profile suitable and which one should you choose?
Noction Intelligent Routing Platform (IRP) – What is it?
I was contacted by some people at Noction and asked if I was interested in writing about their platform, the Intelligent Routing Platform (IRP). Since it’s a product that uses Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), it peaked my interest. First let’s
Unique RD per PE in MPLS VPN for Load Sharing and Faster Convergence
This post describes how load sharing and faster convergence in MPLS VPNs is possible by using an unique RD per VRF per PE. It assumes you are already familiar with MPLS but here is a quick recap. The Route Distinguisher
Some pointers on OSPF as PE to CE protocol
There was a discussion at the Cisco Learning Network (CLN) about OSPF as PE to CE protocol. I wanted to provide some pointers on using OSPF as PE to CE protocol. RFC 4577 describes how to use OSPF as PE
Scaling PEs in MPLS VPN – Route Target Constraint (RTC)
Introduction In any decent sized service provider or even an enterprise network running MPLS VPN, it will most likely be using Route Reflectors (RR). As described in a previous post iBGP fully meshed does not really scale. By default all